The aim of the present study was to examine a theoretical model describing the relationships between body shame and body surveillance components of objectified body consciousness, internalization of the media body ideal, perceived pressure from media, body mass index and body dissatisfaction in swiss adolescent boys and girls. The objectified body consciousness scale development and. Price, phd department of biobehaviorial nursing and health informatics box 357266, university of washington. Facebook involvement, objectified body consciousness, body. Summary of means, standard deviations and correlations between health consciousness and eating habits in this hypothesis, it was expected that there should be a link between health consciousness and eating. European american womens body experiences in midlife, body image on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at.
When girls and women view themselves through this selfobjectified lens, they take a peculiar stance on their own bodies that is fundamentally disruptive to the selfbody relationship. Measures objectified body consciousness scale obcs. The appearance orientation scale of the multidimensional bodyself re lations questionnaire mbsrq developed by cash and his colleagues. Changes in body dissatisfaction relative to gender and age. Overall, results added to the growing body of evidence that body image disturbance and eating disorder symptomatology are present in girls and boys both healthyweight and overweightobese. What is the abbreviation for objectified body consciousness scale. Level of consciousness is a term used to describe a persons awareness and understanding of what is happening in his or her surroundings. The three scales were demonstrated to be distinct dimensions with acceptable. Dec 12, 2014 we tested a path model of facebook involvement, objectified body consciousness, body shame, and sexual assertiveness and examined whether the negative health consequences of objectified body consciousness were greater in magnitude for women than men. This thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the graduate school at scholar commons.
Reconceptualization hyehyun hong university of missouri introduction from a public relations or social marketing perspective, audience segmentation is a primary step in designing effective interventions to improve health knowledge and to promote. The body image was assessed by the body dissatisfaction scale within the eating disorder inventory garner, 1998, 2004 and by the indirect indicator ideal body mass index. The objectified body consciousness scale obcs is a prominent measure of key constructs in the body image literature. The objectified body consciousness scale development. The objectified body consciousness scale obcs mckinley and hyde 1996. The obcs can be used by men as well and consists of three 8item subscales, each using a 7point disagreeagree response format. Obcs abbreviation stands for objectified body consciousness scale. Objectified body consciousness obc appears to play a crucial role in eating and body related disturbances, which typically emerge during adolescence. In fact, the measures usually employed in the sexual objectification domain focus mainly on body surveillance or on the perceived importance of the body e. Pape chose to examine is recovery of consciousness.
The objectified body consciousness scale obcs statistics. Body dissatisfaction mean values increased in the female sample. The 24item obc scale obcs has been employed in eating disorder ed research and schoolbased adolescent samples. Objectification theory posits that our societyps focus on the female body negatively impacts women.
There is a positive correlation of the body shame subscale with two subscales of the sociocultural attitudes toward appearance questionnaire3. In addition, we hypothesized that body shame would mediate the relationship between selfobjectification i. Using feminist theory about the social construction of the female body, a scale was developed and validated to measure objectified body consciousness obc in. This study examined the impact of body surveillance, body shame, and appearance control beliefs, the 3 components of objectified body consciousness, on wellness in college women. Mckinley and hyde 1996 developed the 24item instrument to assess obc, and the three scale facets are body surveillance, control beliefs, and body shame. According to fredrickson and roberts 1997, women can experience sexual objectification in many everyday activities, such as. The development and validation of the male assessment of self. Participants n 112 completed online surveys including a demographic questionnaire, trait and state versions of the selfobjectification questionnaire, body surveillance and body shame subscales of the objectified body consciousness scale, and the flow state scale. The objectified body consciousness scale obc mckinley and hyde, 1996. The objectification experiences questionnaire oeq 18 items is a selfreport. The objectified body consciousness scale obcs 12212010.
Objectified body consciousness obc is a thirdperson perspective that locates an individuals body self relationship primarily in the appearance of herhis body as an outside observer rather than in how herhis body feels or what herhis body can do. Listed below are a number of statements regarding your sensitivity to normal, nonemotive body processes. European american womens body experiences in midlife, body image on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. The map of consciousness is a numerical scale whereby one can measure positive from negative, power from force and truth from falsehood. Read menopausal attitudes, objectified body consciousness, aging anxiety, and body esteem. The body shame subscale assesses shame felt due to ones body not fitting societys expectations. Using feminist theory about the social construction of the female body, a scale was developed and validated to measure objectified body consciousness obc. We hypothesized that all three subscales of the objectified body consciousness scale i. The present study aimed to examine levels of selfobjectification, body image disturbance, and eating disorder symptoms in australian boys and girls. Jan 23, 2017 the objectified body consciousness scale obcs is a prominent measure of key constructs in the body image literature. The body surveillance and body shame subscales of the objectified body consciousness scale obc. We tested a path model of facebook involvement, objectified body consciousness, body shame, and sexual assertiveness and examined whether the negative health consequences of objectified body consciousness were greater in magnitude for women than men. Scales used were a surveillance viewing the body as an outside observer, b body shame feeling shame when the body does not conform, and c appearance control beliefs. A pearson r was used to test the hypothesis with outcome summarised in table 2.
The disorders of consciousness scale docs is a bedside test measuring neurobehavioral functioning during. Objectified body consciousness scale free download as pdf file. To ensure participants were attending to the questionnaire content. Objectified body consciousness theory provides a framework for understanding young womens negative body experiences and their impact on wellbeing. The disorders of consciousness scale docs is a bedside test measuring neurobehavioral functioning during coma recovery. Using feminist theory about the social construction of the female body, a scale was developed and validated to measure objectified body consciousness obc in young women n 502 and middleaged women n 151. Pdf objectified body consciousness in a developing country. Frontiers do selfobjectified women believe themselves to. However, private body consciousness was not significantly correlated with interoceptive awareness, which may explain the many nonsignificant results in selfobjectification studies that have used private body consciousness as a measure of body awareness. Body surveillance a measure of defining the body by how it looks, as opposed to how it feels. Menopausal attitudes, objectified body consciousness, aging. Health consciousness and eating habits among non medical. Consciousness is an awake state, when a person is fully aware of his or her surroundings and understands, talks, moves, and responds normally. Administration manual disorders of consciousness scale.
Objectified body consciousness obc is a thirdperson perspective that locates an individuals bodyself relationship primarily in the appearance of herhis body as an outside observer rather than in how herhis body feels or what herhis body can do. Based on calegero and colleagues 2010, 2014 research, obcs subscales related to selfobjectification were used in the current study. Tip the scales in your favor and weigh in for success by keeping track of your progress with a body weight scale. Objectified body consciousness scale shame consciousness. Participants n 155 completed a demographic questionnaire and a survey packet including the body surveillance subscale and body shame subscale of the objectified body consciousness scale, appearance anxiety scale, eating attitudes. Mar 19, 20 we hypothesized that all three subscales of the objectified body consciousness scale i. Do selfobjectified women believe themselves to be free. The objectified body consciousness scale researchgate. Selfobjectification, body image, eating behaviors, and. For each statement, select a number from 1 to 7 that best describes how the statement describes you and place the number in the box to the right of the statement. They found that women were more likely than men to selfobjectify, selfobjectification was negatively related to body satisfaction.
Papes perspective has been that the docs measures must be useful clinically for predicting outcomes and useful for conducting clinical trials during coma recovery. Using feminist theory about the social construction of the female body, a scale was developed and validated to measure objectified body consciousness obc in young women n 502 and middleaged. Using feminist theory about the social construction of the female body, a scale was developed and validated to measure objectified body consciousness obc in young women n 502 and middle. The body shame subscale of the objectified body consciousness scale was used to measure the level of body shame of the individual participants 35. Read objectified body consciousness and mental health in female adolescents. The purposes of this study were to examine the associations between a selfobjectification, b body shame, c appearance anxiety, and d exercise dependence.
Dec 01, 2008 read menopausal attitudes, objectified body consciousness, aging anxiety, and body esteem. Objectified body consciousness obc appears to play a crucial role in eating and bodyrelated disturbances, which typically emerge during adolescence. Myers objectified body consciousness theory provides a framework for understanding young womens nega cive body experiences and their impact on wellbeing. Structure of the objectified body consciousness scale. For my dissertation research, i developed a new measure to study what i call objectified body consciousness. This scale is based on the work of feminist theorists who have argued that u. The gcs was the first validated rating scale developed to monitor level of consciousness in the intensive care unit teasdale and jennett, 1974. In the current study, selfobjectification, objectified body consciousness, and selfdetermination theories are used as guiding frameworks to identify bodyrelated shame, bodyrelated guilt, and motivational consequences as modifiable factors associated with bcs mvpa over time.
Mckinley and hyde 1996 developed the 24item instrument to assess obc, and the three scale facets are body. The relationship between objectified body consciousness and. The objectified body consciousness scale obcs the objectified body consciousness scale obcs has 24 items, each using a 7point likert scale from 1 strongly disagree to 7 strongly agree. Testretest reliability remained stable over a 5 week period. Psychometric properties of a revised body image self. This scale is a selfreport measure of body consciousness. This scale is relatively brief and can easily be incorporated into routine clinical care. The objectified body consciousness scale obcs has 24 items, each using a 7point likert scale from 1 strongly disagree to 7 strongly agree. Aug 01, 2011 read objectified body consciousness and mental health in female adolescents. Therefore, objectified body consciousness obc refers to perceiving the body as an object and the beliefs that sustain this perception mckinley, 1995. Selfobjectification, body image disturbance, and eating. Hawkins believes that every word, every thought, and every intention creates what is called a morphogenetic field, or attractor field, and that these energy fields can be measured by a very simple process. Clinical assessment of patients with disorders of consciousness. Crosscultural evidence from georgian and swiss national samples, journal of adolescent health on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips.
Despite the impact and popularity of the obcs, however, investigations of its factor structure have been limited. Some people reflect more on themselves than others, and the popular selfconsciousness scale measures this. The use of figure drawings illustrating differences in muscle mass. Selfobjectification questionnaire, the selfconsciousness scale and the body. The role of body surveillance, body shame, and body self. The relationship between objectified body consciousness and wellness in a group of college women stacey l. The authors propose a model that integrates affective emotional reactivity, biological genetic vulnerability, pubertal hormones, pubertal timing and development and cognitive cognitive style, objectified body consciousness, rumination factors as vulnerabilities to depression that, in interaction with negative life events, heighten girls rates of depression beginning in adolescence and account for the gender difference in depression. A model that was useful as a starting point for the current ascension consciousness scale was the map of consciousness as presented by david hawkins in the 90s. Body dissatisfaction measured using the current scale was also negatively correlated with a measure of body appreciation.
In the current study, selfobjectification, objectified body consciousness, and selfdetermination theories are used as guiding frameworks to identify bodyrelated shame, bodyrelated guilt, and motivational consequences as modifiable factors associated with bcs mvpa over. Using feminist theory about the social construction of the female body, a scale was developed and validated to measure objectified body consciousness in young women n502 and middleage women n151 using surveillance, body shame, and appearance control beliefs. In western society, the feminine body has been positioned as an object to be looked at and sexually gazed upon. Scale development for measuring health consciousness. The revised version used here changed the original one so that the language used is more accessible for a very broad population rather than just psychology students, who are often recruited for psychological test validation. Objectified body consciousness, depression, and eating disorders. Development of a body dissatisfaction scale assessment tool. The surveillance subscale of the objectified body consciousness scale obcs. The results showed that the body mass index is an important covariable in the study of body dissatisfaction. Administration manual disorders of consciousness scale docs. The glasgow coma scale gcs the gcs remains the most widely used scale in trauma and acute care settings. Disorders of consciousness scale docs is a product of this effort. Participants n 155 completed a demographic questionnaire and a survey packet including the body surveillance subscale and body shame subscale of the objectified body consciousness scale, appearance anxiety scale, eating.